Puppies have many nutritional requirements that must be met for proper growth. Understanding them can help you select a diet that meets their needs.
Water is the most essential nutrient for puppies. It helps with digestion, nutrient absorption, and temperature regulation. It should always be available, and fresh, clean water should always be provided.
Fat
Puppies like Cavapoo breeders near me require good fat levels, which supply energy and help with brain development and normal vision, hearing, and memory. Dogs cannot produce fats, so they must obtain them from their diet.
Growing puppies have high energy requirements and must be fed more than adult dogs. This increased energy also increases the requirement for essential fatty acids, such as DHA (docosahexaenoic acid), which contributes to normal brain and eye function.
A puppy must get the right balance of fatty acids, as an overabundance of Omega-6 fatty acids can lead to inflammation. This is why a food with a balanced ratio of Omega-3 to Omega-6 fatty acids is best.
Puppies should be fed measured portions rather than relying on the guidelines on kibble bags that suggest feeding a specific amount based on a general weight range. This will prevent overfeeding, which can cause obesity and related health issues. It is also essential that puppies do not eat too many treats and table foods, as these can contain high calories.
Protein
Proteins are the building blocks of muscles and other tissues, providing energy and aiding digestion. They also contain the essential amino acids the body cannot make, so they must be ingested daily.
High-quality animal proteins, like those found in chicken, beef, and lamb, are a staple in most good pet foods. However, it is essential to read the label and choose a food that lists a specific protein source instead of just meat or meat meal (which often contain low-quality slaughterhouse waste, spoiled or diseased animals).
Good-quality proteins have a high biological value, meaning they are easily digested and used by the body. Additionally, they should have a good balance of amino acids and other nutrients to promote healthy growth.
Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates are an essential macronutrient for puppies. They provide the body with energy and are available in simple sugars like glucose and more complex carbohydrates – like potatoes, brown rice, and oats.
They also offer essential vitamins and minerals, including folate, copper, phosphorous, manganese, and zinc. Carbohydrates also provide fiber to promote a healthy digestive system.
A common misconception is that carbs are bad for dogs. But the truth is, they play a crucial role in brain and body functioning. Unlike protein, which is a less efficient energy source, carbohydrates can be used by the body to produce glucose for metabolic functions.
Choosing a kibble that offers a rotation of carbohydrate sources is best. That way, you can be sure your puppy gets a balanced diet, supporting their health and well-being. Weigh your puppy regularly to see if they are gaining the right weight for their age and breed. If your puppy is not gaining enough weight, consult your veterinarian for nutritional advice.
Minerals
Minerals help support your dog’s body functions and are essential in helping him maintain a healthy immune system. They also help promote strong bones and a healthy coat and support hormone and metabolic processes. The most common minerals in dogs are calcium, phosphorous, magnesium, potassium, sodium, and chloride. Trace minerals include iron, zinc, manganese, iodine, and selenium. Deficiency in these minerals can cause various health problems, including poor growth and reproductive issues.
A well-formulated food will contain adequate levels of these minerals and follow nutrient guidelines to ensure optimal puppy nutrition. However, having too many certain minerals is possible, and over-supplementation can be just as harmful as a deficiency.
These minerals are naturally found in fruits, vegetables, meats, and whole grains. They can also be included as a pre-combined powdered mix in high-quality pet foods carefully measured and tested for quality assurance. Only use mineral supplements under the guidance of your veterinarian. Too many mineral supplements can cause an imbalance that can damage your dog’s health.
Vitamins
Vitamins are organic compounds that perform specific functions in the body. They can be sourced from a variety of foods and supplements. They are necessary in small amounts to support normal function but can also be toxic if too much is consumed.
Foods formulated for puppies should follow the nutrient guidelines laid out by AAFCO and provide appropriate levels of vitamins and minerals to support growth. Some pet parents add vitamin supplements or other ingredients to their dogs’ diet if their vet recommends them. It is essential to discuss the risks and benefits of these products with your vet before starting them.
Puppies require higher protein content than adult dogs and need a different balance of nutrients to support healthy physical development. The protein in puppy food should be highly digestible so the body can use the amino acids that comprise it. The best puppy foods will also contain adequate calories for growth and a balance of carbohydrates to fuel the body. Vitamins like glucosamine, vitamin K1 (phylloquinone), and selenium yeast should be provided to prevent joint issues such as hip dysplasia in large-breed puppies.
